新疆草藥特產資源---新疆阿魏

　　新疆阿魏

　　(本站編輯8tdc.com.cn)新疆(jiang)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)，扇形(xing)科植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)，新疆(jiang)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)的樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)，始建于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《唐本草(cao)(cao)(cao)》。含揮發油(you)、樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)及樹(shu)膠等。味苦、辛，性溫(wen)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)消積(ji)、殺蟲(chong)、解毒藥。治肉積(ji)、蟲(chong)積(ji)、痞塊、痢疾、小兒疳(gan)積(ji)等癥。品種較多，主(zhu)(zhu)要有(you)(you)：一新疆(jiang)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)，多年生(sheng)(sheng)多汁草(cao)(cao)(cao)本，高(gao)50~100厘米，全株被白色(se)(se)絨毛，有(you)(you)強(qiang)烈的蔥蒜氣味，莖(jing)(jing)直(zhi)立(li)，根肥大，呈圓柱或紡(fang)錘形(xing)，有(you)(you)時分枝(zhi)，表(biao)皮黑(hei)紫(zi)色(se)(se)。喜生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)帶有(you)(you)礫石的黏質(zhi)(zhi)土壤和石質(zhi)(zhi)干山(shan)披上(shang)(shang)，在伊犁河谷地(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)長繁茂。當(dang)春末夏初開(kai)花(hua)盛期(qi)，用快刀(dao)從(cong)莖(jing)(jing)的中下部向下斜割，白色(se)(se)乳液(ye)即從(cong)刀(dao)口流出，當(dang)滲(shen)出液(ye)凝(ning)固(gu)如樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)即可刮下，再移位(wei)切割數(shu)(shu)次，采至枯竭為(wei)(wei)(wei)止。采藥期(qi)可達3個(ge)月。將樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)置于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)通(tong)風處陰(yin)干即成(cheng)。商品多數(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)球粒凝(ning)聚(ju)而成(cheng)的塊狀體(ti)，大小不(bu)等，外(wai)表(biao)暗黃(huang)或黑(hei)棕色(se)(se)。二圓錐莖(jing)(jing)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)，株高(gao)1~2米，粗壯，喜生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)海拔2700~3000米的山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)河谷。三(san)阜康阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)，莖(jing)(jing)粗壯，近無毛葉淡(dan)綠色(se)(se)，主(zhu)(zhu)要分布于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)北疆(jiang)古爾班通(tong)古特(te)沙(sha)漠南緣和阜康等地(di)(di)(di)(di)。四托里(li)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)，植(zhi)(zhi)株成(cheng)熟時為(wei)(wei)(wei)淡(dan)紫(zi)紅(hong)色(se)(se)，喜生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)黏質(zhi)(zhi)鹽堿化土壤，主(zhu)(zhu)要分布在塔城(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區的托里(li)縣。五為(wei)(wei)(wei)準(zhun)噶爾阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)，株高(gao)1~1.5米，植(zhi)(zhi)株成(cheng)熟時常帶紫(zi)紅(hong)色(se)(se)，莖(jing)(jing)生(sheng)(sheng)葉披針(zhen)形(xing)，具草(cao)(cao)(cao)質(zhi)(zhi)鞘，喜生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)礫石質(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)坡。草(cao)(cao)(cao)坡和山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)灌木從(cong)中，集(ji)中分布于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塔城(cheng)、阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)勒泰地(di)(di)(di)(di)區等是、地(di)(di)(di)(di)山(shan)區。六為(wei)(wei)(wei)多年阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)，株高(gao)1~2米，莖(jing)(jing)生(sheng)(sheng)葉較小，著生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)三(san)焦披什形(xing)的鞘上(shang)(shang)，傘形(xing)花(hua)序單一，在枝(zhi)頂(ding)排列的似串珠狀，喜生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)荒(huang)漠草(cao)(cao)(cao)原和沙(sha)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、沙(sha)丘上(shang)(shang)，在北疆(jiang)普遍(bian)分布。新疆(jiang)應用阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)歷史悠久(jiu)，古籍(ji)中多有(you)(you)記載。新疆(jiang)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)魏(wei)(wei)質(zhi)(zhi)量好，供應全國。(本文結束)